What is biochar and how does it improve soil?
, by Andrew Sun, 1 min reading time
Biochar is a carbonaceous material made from biomass through high-temperature pyrolysis in a limited oxygen space, which has the characteristics of porosity, high specific surface area and chemical stability. Biochar can be used like a charcoal or actived carbon, which means it has the function to absorb water and odors, or can be used as fire source. Beside that, due to the special features, biochar can be used for soil improvement as well, improving soil quality and crop yields. The effect of biochar on soil improvement is mainly manifested in the following aspects:
1. Improve Soil Structure: Biochar has porosity and high specific surface area, which enhances water retention and air circulation. This can be particularly beneficial in soils that are dense or prone to compaction.
2. Enhance Soil Fertility: Biochar can absorb and fix nutrients in the soil, depending on the feedstock and production process. Reduce nutrient loss and leaching, it can act as a slow-release fertilizer, providing nutrients to plants over time.
3. Enhance Microbial Activity: The porous structure of biochar provide an ideal space for microbial growth and nutrients, which play a crucial role in soil health, nutrient cycling, and the suppression of soil-borne diseases.
4. Reduce Soil Acidity: Biochar has a certain degree of alkalinity, which can increas soil pH in acidic soils. This can make a wider range of nutrients available to plants, improving growth in soils that are otherwise too acidic for optimal plant health.
In summary, biochar can significantly improve soil health through a variety of mechanisms, leading to more productive and sustainable agricultural practices. However, the specific effects of biochar on soil can vary depending on the characteristics of the biochar, the soil type, and the crop being grown, so it’s important to consider these factors when applying biochar to soil.
